What are the key cellular differences between non-Hodgkin lymphoma and Hodgkin lymphoma?

Case Study 9

Disorders of White Blood Cells and Lymphoid Tissues

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Max is a 60-year-old living in Iowa. For the 27 years, he has been working in the agricultural industry, particularly in the management of corn production. Recently he began to feel weak during work and tired easily. During the night he woke up sweating, and he often felt unusually warm during the day. Max was also surprised that, in spite of eating regularly, his weight was declining and his work pants were now too large for him. Upon physical examination, his physician noted his inguinal lymph nodes were swollen although Max said they were not sore. Subsequent laboratory tests confirmed follicular, non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Chemotherapy in conjunction with rituximab was immediately initiated.

1. What are the key cellular differences between non-Hodgkin lymphoma and Hodgkin lymphoma?
2. The early manifestations of non-Hodgkin lymphoma and Hodgkin lymphoma in lymphatic tissue appear differently. In terms of lymphatic presentation, how would these two diseases appear clinically?
3. What are the pharmacologic properties of rituximab, and what is its mechanism of action on malignant cells?
4. Outline the structure of lymph node parenchyma including the areas where B and T lymphocytes reside. Where did Max’s lymphoma arise?

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Sample Solution

Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma vs. Hodgkin Lymphoma, Clinical Presentation, Rituximab Mechanism of Action, and Lymph Node Parenchyma

Introduction:

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) are two different types of lymphatic system cancers that affect lymphocytes, a type of white blood cells. Both NHL and HL affect lymphatic tissues, including the lymph nodes, spleen, bone marrow, and thymus. This case study examines Max, a 60-year-old man, who presented with various symptoms, leading to a diagnosis of follicular, non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The study analyzes the differences between NHL and HL, the pharmacologic properties of rituximab, the mechanism of action on malignant cells, and the lymph node parenchyma.

Differences between NHL and HL:

NHL and HL differ in their cellular origin and structure. NHL arises from either B or T lymphocytes, while HL arises from Reed-Sternberg cells, which are a type of abnormal B lymphocyte. In NHL, the malignant cells are diffusely spread throughout the lymph nodes and other lymphatic tissues, while in HL, they are usually located in specific areas of the lymph nodes…order a customized answer here

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