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PSY 211 Research Design Worksheet

PSY 211 Research Design Worksheet

Citation of Literature

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Mattson, S. N., Calarco, K. E., & Lang, A. R. (2006). Focused and shifting attention in children with heavy prenatal alcohol exposure. Neuropsychology, 20(3), 361.

Gap Identification

Studies from the articles look at the effects of drugs and substance consumption during pregnancy mostly known as the prenatal stages. The studies focus on the children born to mothers who consumed and abused drugs during their pregnancy. The gap identified in these researches is the fact that they have left out those children whose mothers never abuse drugs and substances during their pregnancy or during the prenatal period. There may be a possibility that these children were exposed to drugs and substance abuse during their early stages of development and growth.

Research Question

Are children whose parents never abused drugs and substances during pregnancy addicted to drug and substance abuse during their early stages of growth and development?

Research Design

I will conduct a descriptive research. This is because descriptive research describes the characteristics of the phenomenon or population of study. This kind of research does not answer the question of when/ how/why the characteristics occurred. In this case, my population of study will be these children who have been exposed to drugs and substance abuse during their early stages of their development and growth. This research answers the characteristics of the population being studied thereafter the results are represented in the categorical scheme or descriptive categories like a periodic table. Hence, this research will aim to confirm if the frameworks for addressing the children who are exposed to drugs and alcohol during the early stages of their development can experience cognitive and learning difficulties. If they do, how and why are they experiencing these cognitive and learning difficulties, unlike other children?

If relevant, what are your independent and dependent variables? Therefore this research is relevant as it contains both independent and dependent variables.

This research is relevant as it contains both independent and dependent variables. The dependent variable is the researcher’s area of interest whiles the independent variables that affect the dependent variable. In this case, the dependent variable is the children who are exposed to alcohol and substance abuse like cocaine. These children might have been born by mothers who never consumed drugs during pregnancy but the children were exposed to drug abuse during their childhood stages. The independent variable is how drug and alcohol abuse affect the learning process of these children. Why do this exposure cause learning and behavioral difficulties among these children?

How will you choose your study population? If relevant, how will you assign participants to experimental and control groups?

The study pollution I will choose must be relevant to the topic of study. I will identify those children who have been exposed to drugs and alcohol addict at their early childhood.

How long will your study last?

This research is going to take a period of approximately three months.

What types of bias might affect your study, and how will you address that?]

Here are some types of bias that I think might affect my study and some appropriate ways on how I can address these bias. These biases are divided into two, namely; the researcher bias and the respondent bias.  To start with the respondent bias, the first one is known as the social desirability bias. This is the situation where the responder responds to questions so that he can be liked or accepted. To address this, I will phrase the question in a way that the respondent will feel that it is okay to answer them in their own desirable way. The second one is acquiescence bias, also known as the friendliness bias. This is where the respondent tends to agree with everything that is presented by the researcher as they may fail to object any idea. To address this, I will include questions that correspond to the views of the respondents. Under researcher bias, there is the confirmation bias. This is a situation where the researcher develops a hypothesis based on the respondent responses

Issues of Ethics

Concerning the issues of ethics, the questions I will use during research must be set according to the ethical and moral values. These questions should not undermine the cultural values of the community where my research is being conducted. The questions that am administering during the interviews or in the questionnaires must be according to the ethical.

Part Two

Citation of Literature

Watson, S. M., Westby, C. E., & Gable, R. A. (2007). A framework for addressing the needs of students prenatally exposed to alcohol and other drugs. Preventing School Failure: Alternative Education for Children and Youth52(1), 25-32.

Author’s Claims

According to the authors of the article, students who have a history of exposure to alcohol or any other substance after their birth are vulnerable to developmental problems. The problems range from mild to severe.

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