Department of Nursing

Mossad, Israel’s main intelligence agency, is one of the most efficient intelligence organizations in the world. Its ability to obtain intelligence information from various locations is unparalleled by intelligence organizations of other countries. The organization has achieved success in extremely difficult situations.

Most Mossad activities involve identifying potential threats and countering threats through various means. Mossad is famous due to its assassinations.

The intelligence agency has assassinated people who nobody thought could be located, let alone assassinated. Mossad collaborates with intelligence agencies of ally countries and provides the countries with intelligence information.

Mossad collaborates with American intelligence agencies to improve the efficiency of both agencies in collecting intelligence information.

Mossad’s main activities are collecting intelligence information in foreign countries and communicating with intelligence agencies of countries that are friendly to Israel. To ensure the efficiency of its activities, Mossad separates the activities into distinct areas of knowledge.

It ensures that the activities are as specific as possible. Separation of the activities is known as compartmentalization. Compartmentalization ensures that employees work on their specific duties and minimizes the risk of the leakage of information to external parties (Webster 13).

Business organizations also use compartmentalization to improve the efficiency of their activities. Thus, it is pertinent to say that Mossad conducts its activities like a business organization.

However, unlike a business organization whose activities focus on making money, the activities of Mossad focus on collecting intelligence information that would benefit Israel and its allies.

One intriguing characteristic of Mossad is that it collects a large amount of intelligence information from sources that are available to the public. These include television, newspapers, and the Internet. Mossad also collects information from surveillance.

It uses various technological devices that observe people or organizations secretly (Webster 13). Therefore, despite public sources providing a large amount of information to Mossad, surveillance helps in verifying the information and offers information that is more detailed.

This makes surveillance extremely useful in gathering intelligence information.

Mossad is simply a human intelligence organization that helps in collecting intelligence information outside Israel. However, Mossad does not collect information on certain military targets.

Israel’s location is in a unique international position. It is in a state of war with its Arab neighbors. This state of war is the longest international dispute between countries.

This necessitated the Israeli government to form an intelligence agency that prepares military fact and figures – Aman (Laqueur 220). Thus, Mossad can provide certain military information, but interpretation of the information is the duty of Aman.

Even though Mossad does not interpret intelligence information on military targets, Mossad has a special operations division that undertakes activities that may counter the military activities of enemy nations. The special operations division is the most secretive arm of Mossad.

This division’s main activity consists in the assassination of various individuals. In addition, this division undertakes activities that involve foreign military groups.

The special operations division undertakes activities that may be risky or unpopular with authorities in the country where Mossad is operating (Webster 16).

The unpopular nature of activities of the special operations department is the main reason that makes the special operations department be secretive. Precision is the main emphasis of the activities of this department. A small error could lead to disastrous circumstances.

Mossad has a Political Action and Liaison Department that communicates with foreign intelligence agencies of ally and enemy states (Davies and Tomlinson 17). This department shares and receives information from various information intelligence agencies.

However, the department does not share all intelligence information with the foreign agencies. This helps in obtaining information on political targets. In addition, Mossad has a department that is responsible for propaganda – Lohamah Psichlogit Department.

This department and the Political Action and Liaison Department help Mossad improve the efficiency of political strategies of Mossad (Webster 16). This makes Mossad use these avenues to determine and affect political actions of various countries, whether friendly ones or enemies.

Mossad places considerable emphasis on industrial espionage. It realizes the importance of technology in economic and political advancements.

Mossad identifies certain information that may benefit it and sets in motion activities that would enable it to gain access to that information.

Military technology is one of the main targets of the organization in industrial espionage. Most Mossad agents have a professional qualification that enables them to engage in industrial espionage. Various organizations hire these without knowing that they secretly work for Mossad.

The agents may provide information to the technology department of Mossad to help it develop technologies that would help the organization produce sophisticated systems that would be of a great help in improving the activities of Mossad (Wester 17). Countries that engage in industrial espionage access technological advancements without having to invent vast sums of money.

All the countries need to do is to steal the technology (Blunden 22). Mossad appreciates the economic benefits of industrial espionage and uses it to improve its efficiency. Industrial espionage enables Mossad to be at pace with technological advancements of other countries.

Intelligence agencies ensure that its agencies do not defect and leak classified information to enemy countries, as this would have disastrous effects. Loyalty is one of the key attributes that enhance the success of intelligence organizations. Intelligence organizations that have a high level of loyalty are, therefore, very successful.

Mossad draws its strength from the unity of its agents. Mossad agents believe that their service is a national calling. In addition, Mossad enjoys the goodwill of Israelis. Israelis in other countries are also willing to help Mossad whenever its agents have operations near their areas of residence. Mossad regularly enlist the help of ‘Sayanin’ whenever it needs their help.

Sayanim are Jews who live in other countries who have other professional but are willing to help Mossad agents. In some instances, Sayanim offer their services freely (Webster 18). Solidarity of Jews in various locations around the globe helps Mossad in its activities significantly.

Mossad mainly undertakes assassinations of people perceived to be enemies of Israel. However, in undertaking the assassination operations, sometimes things go wrong. This leads to the death of many innocent civilians. Tendency of Mossad to use assassinations instead of the rule of law makes the organization be unpopular with various authorities.

The assassinations sometimes lead to counter offenses by the enemy organizations. Mossad’s killing of leading nuclear scientists has only fueled the tension between the two countries (Martin 397).

Mossad disregards the negotiations that Iran has with other parties on its nuclear program. This makes the authorities not want to be associated with the organization.

In addition, friendly nations do not trust Mossad completely. This is due to the tendency of the organization to exploit the good will of the friendly nation to Mossad’s own advantage.

It is common to find Mossad spies who have infiltrated into various intelligence agencies of the friendly nations. In fact, in 1986, the US navy discovered a Mossad spy – Jonathan Pollard – working within the ranks of the navy. This was despite the fact that US is a friendly nation to Israel (Ross & Kay 15). This caused a serious scandal in the US government.

In conclusion, Mossad is one of the most efficient intelligence agencies in the world. Very few intelligence organizations can match its ability to undertake extremely risky operations successfully.

The organization enjoys the good will of Israelis making it highly efficient in industrial, political, and military espionage. However, the total disregard of Mossad to various diplomatic activities that attempt to solve issues is one of the main weaknesses of the organization. Assassinations only fuel the tension between two enemy nations.

Marketing is used to identify, satisfy and keep customers. It is the process where companies create value for customers by building strong relationships with them in order to maintain profits and value. Marketing uses advertising, distribution and selling.

An established brand with a large market share is being wooed by an advertising agency. The agency suggests that the brand spends a relatively high amount of money on the campaign. Should the brand go along with the agency’s suggestion?

An advertising agency is used to handle marketing and sales promotion for its clients. Agencies are hired to produce television and radio commercials in an advertising campaign.

The agency should go along with the agency’s solutions as advertising greatly improves sales for a brand in its market share. As the brand is already established, the campaign will help customers to differentiate its products from those of close competitors.

This reduces the rate of substitution of its products with those of competitors, thus the brand maximizes its sales and is able to maintain its premium price over the competitors leading to high profits. This campaign may lead the brand to become a leader in its market rather than just being established.

The campaign will also stabilize its sales at even higher values than those of its competitors and help the brand to counter seasonal falls, and to prepare for market peaks.

The advertisement may also lead to awareness of the brand’s goodwill towards the community leading to consequently high sales.

As the brand has a large market share, the advertising costs will easily be recovered from the increase in sales.

What are three ways in which marketing a service differs from marketing a product?

Basically, marketing a product requires customers’ perception of the product, price, place and promotion, which is the 4 P’s.

Marketing a service adds other 3 P’s which are the people, physical evidence and process of the service offered. When one is marketing a service, one is really marketing the value and relationship. Service marketing includes an aspect not considered in product marketing, which is known as services cape

. This is the inside and outside of the business general appearance as well as employees appearance. When a buyer purchases a service, the buyer is purchasing something intangible unlike a product which is tangible. This means that a product is returnable while a service can not be returned.

The customers’ concept of marketing a service is based on reputation of the person offering the service; that is, how well the service provider offers the service.

While marketing a product, the customers’ concept of the product is based on the quality of the product in comparison to other products. According to Watson (2012), product marketing takes benefit in packaging and other advantages like warranties.

A service has the advantage of packaging or warranties, thus it is limited to a specific group of clients.

Which online service allows a customer to name his price and potentially have it met?

The selling strategy of “name your price” allows customers to indicate prices that they are willing to pay for a specific service or goods, then the customer asks the provider or a service to agree to the price named.

With the Internet, there is a variety of sites that allow buyers to own their own prices in the services like accommodations in hotels, transportation through air or rail, and even in renting cars.

What kind of pricing strategy is the “Cornershop” engaging in? 10 points

The Cornershop is engaging in the high-low pricing strategy, which is also referred to as the promotional pricing strategy. In this method of pricing, a business regularly prices goods and services at a higher price than its competitors.

This is like in the case of toothpaste, deodorant and milk. So as to promote the business, lower prices than that of competitors are offered to a key item like, for example, the case of bread in Cornershop.

The lower prices item is designed so that the customer can be attracted to the business, whereby the customer is offered the low-priced item alongside the regular high priced products.

RussellSq Milk products find themselves in a very competitive industry where demand fluctuates and often leads to overcapacity.

To meet the challenge, RussellSq Milk often lowers the price of its milk products below those of its competitors. What will the firm need to do as a long-term strategy? 10 points

RussellSq business will need to adopt a value-based pricing strategy as its long-term strategy. The constant lowering of prices might pose a challenge of destroying the profit margin of the business.

RussellSq milk products, which are in a competitive industry, may also be involved in price wars, whereby it might end up making losses in the long run if its pricing strategy is often influenced by competitors.

The business should therefore build a milk product that is uniquely superior, so that even in the fluctuating industry, the consumers will be convinced to buy the product because of its quality other than cost.

The business should create goodwill for the product, whereby it takes ownership of the results of the customers like in taking responsibility that the product fulfills the results the customer wishes.

This creates a product of high value in terms of quality, thus the demand for the milk product is likely to remain stable, and the business is able to sell as much as it produces.

PinkStoneEnergy is an energy drink. Overall fixed costs are eight-hundred thousand dollars, while the variable cost per can is 10 US cents. PSE has secured orders to sell 400 000 units.

If PSE adopted a 50% mark up-price strategy, how much will each can be priced at?

Fixed costs=800, 000 dollars

Variable costs=400,000×0.1=40,000 dollars

Mark up=50%

Profit=fixed costs –variable costs

Total profit=800,000-40,000=760,000

Profit per unit=760,000/400,000=1.9dollars

Total cost per unit=1.9× (50%+100%)

1.9× (150/100) =2.85 dollars per unit

A start-up is introducing a new, unique app (no near competitor). The founders think that they may price it much higher than the average prices for apps. What would be two possible effects (possibly contradictory) on the start-up’s break-even point?

While introducing the new product into the market, the aim is to gain market shares. When they price the product with a higher price than the average price in the market, they might lose market share.

This might lose market share, especially for the customer segment of buyers who are price sensitive. The break-even point is the point of no profit or loss after a business has been in the industry for quite some time.

In the long run, they may not reach the break-even point or may take long to reach the break-even point.